The Causes and Prevention of Intestinal Adhesions

Intestinal adhesions are bands of fibrous tissue thatThe preventive measure involves relatively immediate
can connect the loops of the intestines to each other,post-surgical intervention. The basis of the preventive
or the intestines to other abdominal organs, or thetherapy is to treat the abdominal stasis that occurs
intestines to the abdominal wall. These bands can pullfollowing surgery. Normally, after an abdominal surgery,
sections of the intestines out of place and may blockthe bowels are virtually paralyzed for many hours, up
passage of food. Adhesions are a major cause ofto two days in older patients and complicated
intestinal obstruction.surgeries. Doctors and nurses check for the return of
Adhesions may be present at birth (congenital) or maybowel sounds (indicating movements) after the
form after abdominal surgery or inflammation. Mostsurgery, to make sure recovery is proceeding. Since
form after surgery. They are more common afterobstructive constipation is one of the primary
procedures on the colon, appendix, or uterus than afterresponses to developing adhesions, concern about
surgery on the stomach, gall bladder, or pancreas.bowel stasis is a clear concern.
The risk of developing adhesions increases with theSymptoms
passage of time after the surgery.Some adhesions will cause no symptoms. If the
The causes and prevention of intestinal adhesions.adhesions cause partial or complete obstruction of the
Although intestinal obstruction from intra-abdominalintestines, the symptoms one would feel would depend
adhesions is a relatively common surgical emergency,on the degree and the location of the obstruction.
the vast majority of adhesions are harmless and mayThey include crampy abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating,
be protective or even life-saving. The causes ofan inability to pass gas, and constipation.
intestinal adhesions are presented, and variousAdhesions and Intestinal Blockages After intestinal
methods advocated to prevent adhesions aresurgery adhesions (extra scar tissue, connective tissue
discussed. The surgeon is advised to reducethat should not be there) may restrict the passage of
unnecessary adhesion formation by meticuloussurgicalfood through the gut. If the GI tract becomes
technique, control those adhesions which inevitablyobstructed, nothing can pass through, and this
form to obtain their beneficial effects, and to avoid thebecomes a medical emergency.
risk of subsequent obstruction.Bowel adhesions can cause chronic pain and
Diagnosisdysfunction. Bowel adhesions form after trauma to the
X rays (computed tomography) or barium contrasttissues, caused by the body's inflammatory response
studies may be used to locate the obstruction.to tissue damage. As the body's tissues heal, bowel
Exploratory surgery can also locate the adhesions andadhesions are formed.
the source of pain.Medical issues to consider
CHINESE HERB MEDICINE FOR ADHESIONSSince adhesions are likely to form after certain surgical
The problem of developing abdominal adhesions isprocedures, adhesiolysis (surgical removal of
noted in the Chinese medical literature. Dr. Fu Kezhi, atadhesions), except for serious problems like bowel
the Harbin office of ITM, carried out a literature search,obstruction may be pointless. In around 70 per cent of
yielding several studies summarized here.cases, the operation to remove the original adhesions
Chinese medicine has been applied both to preventionwill cause more adhesions to develop. The risks,
of adhesions and to their treatment when they causebenefits and alternatives to surgery must be discussed
bowel blockage.thoroughly before any decision is made.